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Kell K/k (KEL) Antigen Genotyping
Copy Utility
Ordering Recommendation
Assess risk for alloimmune hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) or hemolytic transfusion reaction. May be ordered for parental or fetal genotyping.
Mnemonic
Methodology
Polymerase Chain Reaction/Fluorescence Monitoring
Performed
Varies
Reported
3-10 days
New York DOH Approval Status
Specimen Required
Fetal genotyping: Cultured amniocytes: Two T-25 flasks at 80 percent confluency.
If the client is unable to culture amniocytes, this can be arranged by contacting ARUP Client Services at (800) 522-2787.
WITH maternal cell contamination specimen (see Note): Lavender (K2EDTA), Pink (K2EDTA), or Yellow (ACD Solution A or B).
Parental genotyping: Lavender (K2EDTA), Pink (K2EDTA).
Cultured amniocytes: Transport two T-25 flasks at 80 percent confluency filled with culture media. Backup cultures must be retained at the client's institution until testing is complete.
Maternal cell contamination specimen: Transport 3 mL whole blood (Min: 1 mL)
Whole blood (parental genotyping): Transport 3 mL whole blood. (Min: 1 mL)
Cultured amniocytes: CRITICAL ROOM TEMPERATURE. Must be received within 48 hours of shipment due to lability of cells.
Whole blood or maternal cell contamination specimen: Refrigerated.
Plasma or serum. Specimens collected in sodium heparin tubes.
Patient History Form is available on the ARUP website or by contacting ARUP Client Services.
Fetal specimen: Ambient: 48 hours; Refrigerated: Unacceptable; Frozen: Unacceptable
Whole blood or maternal cell contamination specimen: Ambient: 72 hours; Refrigerated: 1 week; Frozen: 1 month
Reference Interval
By report.
Interpretive Data
Background information: Kell K/k (KEL) Antigen Genotyping:
Characteristics: Erythrocyte alloimmunization may result in hemolytic transfusion reactions or hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN).
K Antigen Frequency: 9 percent of Caucasians, 2 percent of African Americans, rare in Asians.
Inheritance: Co-dominant.
Cause: Antigen-antibody mediated red-cell hemolysis between donor/recipient or transferred maternal antibodies.
Polymorphism Tested: Kell blood group KEL*01 (K), KEL*02 (k): c.578C>T, p.Thr193Met. The presence of KEL*01 allele predicts a K positive phenotype.
Clinical Sensitivity: 99 percent.
Methodology: Immucor PreciseType™ HEA Molecular BeadChip which is FDA-approved for clinical testing.
Analytic Sensitivity and Specificity: 99 percent.
Limitations: Bloody amniotic fluid samples may give false-negative results because of maternal cell contamination. Rare nucleotide changes leading to altered or partial antigen expression and null phenotypes are not detected by this assay. Patients who have had hematopoietic stem cell transplants may have inconclusive results on this test. Abnormal signal intensities may result in indeterminate genotyping results.
For quality assurance purposes, ARUP Laboratories will confirm the above result at no charge following delivery. Order Confirmation of Fetal Testing and include a copy of the original fetal report (or the mother's name and date of birth) with the test submission. Please contact an ARUP genetic counselor at (800) 242-2787 extension 2141 prior to specimen submission.
FDA
Note
Maternal specimen is recommended for proper test interpretation if contamination of the fetal specimen from the mother is suspected. Order Maternal Cell Contamination.
Hotline History
Hotline History
CPT Codes
0001U
Components
| Component Test Code* | Component Chart Name | LOINC |
|---|---|---|
| 3002013 | KEL GENO Specimen | 31208-2 |
| 3002014 | KEL Genotype | 41096-9 |
Aliases
- KEL1 and KEL2 genotyping
- Kel1 heterozygosity or homozygosity assay
- Kell Antigen genotyping
- Kell/Cellano genotyping
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