ATP7A-Related Copper Transport Disorders (ATP7A), Sequencing
2007872
Ordering Recommendation
Acceptable molecular test for ATP7A-related copper transport disorders. Confirm causative variants in individuals symptomatic for Menkes disease, occipital horn syndrome, and ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy. Detects most pathogenic ATP7A gene variants but does not detect deletions or duplications.
Mnemonic
ATP7A FGS
Methodology
Polymerase Chain Reaction/Sequencing
Performed
Varies
Reported
21-28 days
New York DOH Approval Status
Specimens from New York clients will be sent out to a New York DOH approved laboratory, if possible.
ARUP Consult®
Disease Topics
Specimen Required
- Patient Preparation
- Collect
- Lavender (EDTA), pink (K2EDTA), or yellow (ACD Solution A or B).
- Specimen Preparation
- Transport 3 mL whole blood. (Min: 1 mL)
- Storage/Transport Temperature
- Refrigerated.
- Unacceptable Conditions
- Remarks
- Stability
- Ambient: 72 hours; Refrigerated: 1 week; Frozen: Unacceptable
Reference Interval
By report
Interpretive Data
Background Information for ATP7A-Related Copper Transport Disorders, Sequencing
Characteristics: Menkes disease, occipital horn syndrome, and ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy are disorders of copper transport due to mutations in the ATP7A gene. Individuals with Menkes disease may present in the infant period with loss of milestones, abnormal hair, lethargy, hypotonia, and seizures. Occipital horn syndrome shares many features with Menkes disease but has a less severe neurological phenotype.
Incidenceof ATP7A-Related Copper Transport Disorders: About 1 in 100,000.
Inheritance: X-linked.
Cause: Pathogenic ATP7A mutations.
Clinical Sensitivity: 80 percent for Menkes disease and occipital horn syndrome; unknown for ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy.
Methodology: Bidirectional sequencing of all coding regions and intron-exon boundaries of the ATP7A gene.
Analytical Sensitivity and Specificity: 99 percent.
Limitations: Diagnostic errors can occur due to rare sequence variations. Regulatory region mutations, deep intronic mutations, and large deletions/duplications will not be detected.
Characteristics: Menkes disease, occipital horn syndrome, and ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy are disorders of copper transport due to mutations in the ATP7A gene. Individuals with Menkes disease may present in the infant period with loss of milestones, abnormal hair, lethargy, hypotonia, and seizures. Occipital horn syndrome shares many features with Menkes disease but has a less severe neurological phenotype.
Incidenceof ATP7A-Related Copper Transport Disorders: About 1 in 100,000.
Inheritance: X-linked.
Cause: Pathogenic ATP7A mutations.
Clinical Sensitivity: 80 percent for Menkes disease and occipital horn syndrome; unknown for ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy.
Methodology: Bidirectional sequencing of all coding regions and intron-exon boundaries of the ATP7A gene.
Analytical Sensitivity and Specificity: 99 percent.
Limitations: Diagnostic errors can occur due to rare sequence variations. Regulatory region mutations, deep intronic mutations, and large deletions/duplications will not be detected.
Compliance Statement C: The performance characteristics of this test were validated by ARUP Laboratories. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved or cleared this test. However, FDA approval or clearance is currently not required for clinical use of this test. The results are not intended to be used as the sole means for clinical diagnosis or patient management decisions. ARUP is authorized under Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) and by all states to perform high-complexity testing. Counseling and informed consent are recommended for genetic testing. Consent forms are available online.
Note
CPT Code(s)
Components
| Component Test Code* | Component Chart Name | LOINC |
|---|---|---|
| 2007873 | ATP7A Sequencing Specimen | 31208-2 |
| 2007874 | ATP7A Sequencing Interpretation | 34659-3 |
Aliases
- ATP7A sequencing testing
- Copper transport disorders sequencing assay