Humoral Immunity Panel I

A pre- and postvaccination comparison is required to adequately assess the humoral immune response to the pure polysaccharide Pneumovax 23 (PNX) and/or the protein conjugated Prevnar 7 (P7), Prevnar 13 (P13), Prevnar 20 (P20), and Vaxneuvance (V15) Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccines. Prevaccination samples should be collected prior to vaccine administration. Postvaccination samples should be obtained at least 4 weeks after immunization. Testing of postvaccination samples alone will provide only general immune status of the individual to various pneumococcal serotypes.

In the case of pure polysaccharide vaccine, indication of immune system competence is further delineated as an adequate response to at least 50 percent of the serotypes in the vaccine challenge for those 2-5 years of age and to at least 70 percent of the serotypes in the vaccine challenge for those 6-65 years of age. Individual immune response may vary based on age, past exposure, immunocompetence, and pneumococcal serotype.

Responder Status                    Antibody Ratio

Nonresponder . . . . . . . . . . .  Less than twofold increase and postvaccination concentration less than 1.3 ug/mL

Good responder . . . . . . . . . . .At least a twofold increase and/or a postvaccination concentration greater than or equal to 1.3 ug/mL

A response to 50-70 percent or more of the serotypes in the vaccine challenge is considered a normal humoral response (Daly, 2014). Antibody concentration greater than 1.0-1.3 ug/mL is generally considered long-term protection. (Daly, 2015)

References:

1. Daly TM, Pickering JW, Zhang X, et al. Multilaboratory assessment of threshold versus fold-change algorithms for minimizing analytical variability in multiplexed pneumococcal IgG measurements. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2014;21(7):982-988.

2. Daly TM, Hill HR. Use and clinical interpretation of pneumococcal antibody measurements in the evaluation of humoral immune function. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2015;22(2):148-152.